Embracing the 20 Gauge for Turkey Hunting
The crisp air of spring, the rustling leaves, and the echoing gobble of a longbeard – turkey hunting is a pursuit that captures the hearts of many. For years, the 12-gauge shotgun has reigned supreme as the king of turkey guns. But, a quiet revolution is underway, and the 20-gauge is stepping into the spotlight. This guide explores the advantages of using a 20 gauge for turkey hunting, offering insights to help you bag a big tom this season. Whether you are a seasoned hunter looking for a lighter load or a newcomer eager to join the sport, this article will help you understand why turkey hunting with a 20 gauge can be both effective and enjoyable.
One of the most significant benefits is the lighter weight of a 20-gauge shotgun. When stalking through dense forests, across open fields, or up and down hills, every ounce counts. The reduced weight of the 20 gauge translates to less fatigue, allowing hunters to stay in the field longer and move more quietly. This is particularly beneficial for those who hunt in rugged terrain or prefer to cover a lot of ground in search of gobblers.
The reduced recoil of the 20 gauge is another key advantage. This makes it a more comfortable gun to shoot, especially for younger hunters or those who are sensitive to recoil. A gun that’s comfortable to shoot promotes more accurate shot placement. Improved accuracy leads to cleaner kills and boosts confidence in the field. Recoil management is something every turkey hunter should consider, and the 20 gauge excels in this area.
A vast variety of ammunition is available for the 20 gauge. From budget-friendly shells to premium turkey loads, you can find options that suit your needs and budget. The market has responded to the increasing popularity of the 20 gauge, and new ammunition is constantly being developed and improved. This wider ammunition selection gives you more options to fine-tune your shotgun’s performance and reach out at longer distances, all while enjoying a better shooting experience.
Also, a 20 gauge can be a more cost-effective option compared to a 12 gauge. The lower cost of ammunition can make it a more accessible option for hunters on a budget. While the initial investment in a shotgun may be comparable, the ongoing costs associated with ammunition can make a significant difference over time.
Choosing the Right Shotgun for Turkey Hunting
Your choice of shotgun is critical for success. While the focus here is on the 20-gauge, it’s important to choose the right type to meet your needs. Several factors must be considered when selecting your ideal turkey gun.
There are different gun styles to choose from. Popular choices include pump-action shotguns, which are known for their reliability and affordability. Semi-automatic shotguns offer faster follow-up shots, a feature that can be valuable if multiple birds are present or if you want to take a second shot. Over/under shotguns offer two barrels, offering versatility. Consider the style that suits your budget, hunting style, and personal preferences.
Barrel length is also a vital consideration. For turkey hunting, a barrel length of 24 to 28 inches is often recommended. These barrels strike a good balance between maneuverability and effective range. A longer barrel helps to increase shot velocity and pattern density. This can make the difference between a successful hunt and a lost opportunity.
Choke tubes are essential for controlling the spread of your shot pattern. Turkey hunting requires a tight, dense pattern at longer ranges. A turkey choke tube is specifically designed for this purpose. It constricts the shot column, creating a dense pattern that maximizes your effective range. Testing different choke tubes with various ammunition types is the best way to find the optimal combination for your shotgun.
Sights are beneficial for enhancing your accuracy. Many hunters opt for a red dot sight or a scope, which can significantly improve your ability to aim precisely at longer distances. These sights can make the difference when the moment of truth arrives.
Selecting Ammunition for a Successful Hunt
Choosing the right ammunition is just as important as choosing the right gun. The correct shell size and type will affect your success in the field.
Shell size and shot type are key. For turkey hunting with a 20 gauge, the recommended shell sizes are typically number five or number six shot. Specialty turkey loads, which are designed to provide dense patterns and effective penetration at long distances, are also available. Experiment to determine the best option.
The material the shot is made of is also important. Lead shot is the traditional choice, and it is still effective. However, other materials, such as tungsten or bismuth, are available. Tungsten shot is dense and often provides exceptional pattern density at longer ranges. Bismuth is another alternative that offers good performance. The choice of shot material will often depend on your budget, the performance you desire, and any local hunting regulations.
Understanding the number of pellets and their density is crucial. More pellets within your shot will increase the probability of a hit. Denser patterns translate to more effective coverage of the target, which is particularly critical at longer ranges.
Before you head into the field, pattern your shotgun with your chosen ammunition. This involves shooting at a target at various distances to see how the shot pattern spreads. The best pattern will have a tight, even spread with the most pellets hitting the target. This crucial step ensures you know the effective range of your gun and ammunition combination, which is vital for ethical shot placement.
Mastering Hunting Tactics with a 20 Gauge
Tactics are as important as equipment. Success requires knowledge of the habits of turkeys and an understanding of how to utilize calling, decoys, and concealment.
Scouting is a critical first step. Before the season begins, spend time scouting the area where you plan to hunt. Look for signs of turkey activity, such as tracks, droppings, and strutting areas. Knowing the general location of turkeys will increase your chances of success.
Mastering calling techniques is also essential. Turkey calls can be used to attract turkeys to your location. Yelps, clucks, and purrs are all common calls. Experiment with different calls and techniques to find what works best in your hunting area.
Decoy setups are effective at luring turkeys closer. A well-placed decoy can draw a gobbler into range. Experiment with different setups, such as a hen decoy paired with a jake decoy or a full strutting gobbler decoy.
Proper concealment is crucial for success. Turkeys have exceptional eyesight, so it’s important to be well-hidden. Use natural cover, such as trees and brush. Using a blind can further enhance concealment.
Ethical shot placement is paramount. Aim for the head and neck of the turkey to ensure a quick and humane kill. Be aware of your effective range. A 20 gauge is effective, but be realistic about the maximum distance at which you can confidently make a clean shot. This is where patterning comes in handy.
After you’ve taken a shot, follow up and recover your bird. Don’t take an ethical shot at too far of a distance and be prepared to track your game if needed.
Avoiding Common Errors in the Field
Even experienced hunters make mistakes. Being aware of common errors can help you avoid them and increase your chances of success.
One of the most common errors is not patterning your gun. Without knowing how your gun patterns at different distances, you cannot be sure of a clean kill. This is the foundation of ethical turkey hunting.
Another error is shooting at distances that exceed the effective range of your shotgun and load. Know your limits, and only take shots that you are confident you can make. This keeps the sport ethical and prevents unnecessary suffering to the game animal.
Poor concealment is a common downfall. Turkeys have keen eyesight, so being well-hidden is essential. Ensure you utilize the available cover and be patient.
Finally, inconsistent calling can frustrate even the most patient hunters. Practice your calling techniques, and learn to vary your calls based on the situation. Be patient and persistent.
Gear Up for the Hunt
Having the right gear is essential for a successful turkey hunting trip. A checklist can help ensure you have everything you need.
Start with your 20-gauge shotgun, and make sure it’s properly cleaned and maintained. Next, select the appropriate ammunition for the hunt. Make sure you have the right choke tube installed for turkey hunting.
Don’t forget your turkey calls. Whether you prefer a box call, a slate call, or a diaphragm call, have the right tools. Decoys can be used to lure turkeys into range.
Hunting apparel, vest, and camouflage are essential for staying concealed. Carry a rangefinder to get accurate distances for ethical shot placement. Binoculars can help you spot turkeys at a distance.
Final Thoughts
Turkey hunting with a 20 gauge offers a unique and rewarding experience. The lighter weight, reduced recoil, and effective performance of a 20 gauge make it a great choice for hunters of all levels. By selecting the right equipment, honing your skills, and practicing responsible hunting techniques, you can increase your chances of success and enjoy the thrill of the hunt. The 20 gauge is not only capable of taking down a large gobbler but also offers you a great experience.
So, gather your gear, head into the woods, and experience the excitement of turkey hunting with a 20 gauge. You might just find it is the best setup for you.
