The Glock 23, a name synonymous with reliability and concealed carry, has earned a reputation for its potent .40 Smith & Wesson chambering. However, the world of firearms is one of constant evolution and personal preference. Many Glock 23 owners contemplate a transformation, a shift in ammunition, a move toward the versatile 9mm. This article serves as your comprehensive guide, dissecting the process of a Glock 23 conversion to 9mm, ensuring a safe and informative journey through this fascinating modification.
The Appeal of 9mm: Understanding the Shift
Why would a shooter consider this conversion? The allure of 9mm goes beyond simply changing the cartridge. Several factors often drive this decision, and understanding these is crucial before embarking on such a project.
The cost of ammunition plays a significant role. 9mm rounds are generally more affordable than their .40 S&W counterparts. This price difference can translate into considerable savings over time, particularly for frequent shooters or those who enjoy regular training sessions. The ability to shoot more often, for the same budget, is a powerful motivator.
Then there’s the availability of 9mm ammunition. 9mm is arguably the most popular handgun cartridge in the world, making it readily available in virtually every gun store, online retailer, and even big-box stores. This ease of access is a boon for anyone who wants to ensure they can always find the ammunition they need. .40 S&W, while not rare, might be slightly less prevalent.
Recoil management is another significant consideration. 9mm typically produces less recoil than .40 S&W. This softer recoil can lead to faster follow-up shots, better accuracy, and reduced shooter fatigue, especially during extended range sessions. This improved controllability is crucial for both self-defense and competitive shooting.
Beyond these practical advantages, personal preference also plays a key role. Some shooters simply prefer the feel and performance of 9mm. They might find its ballistics and recoil characteristics more enjoyable to shoot. The psychological comfort of using a favored round can also contribute to a sense of confidence. This conversion then caters to individual desires and shooting styles.
Necessary Components: Gathering Your Arsenal
To successfully convert your Glock 23 to 9mm, you’ll need to acquire a few essential components. Understanding the roles of these parts is critical for a smooth transition.
The Barrel: The Core of the Transformation
The barrel forms the heart of the caliber conversion. The original .40 S&W barrel is designed for the different internal dimensions of that cartridge. Therefore, a new 9mm barrel is an absolute necessity. Consider this component the cornerstone of the entire project. You can choose between “drop-in” barrels, which are designed for easy installation without any gunsmithing, and more specialized options. Aftermarket barrels offer a variety of features and performance enhancements.
Drop-in barrels are designed for convenience, and provide an easy way to get started with the conversion. However, you can also explore the world of aftermarket barrels. Some aftermarket barrels feature enhanced rifling, better materials, or even threaded muzzles for attaching suppressors or compensators. Some shooters also select match-grade barrels for potentially tighter groupings.
Then, consider your choice of materials. Manufacturers offer barrels made from various steel alloys, each with its own properties. Stainless steel barrels are popular for their corrosion resistance and aesthetic appeal. They can often withstand frequent use and provide lasting performance.
A key consideration: the barrel’s length. While the standard barrel length is usually fine, you might explore other lengths, depending on your intended use case.
Magazines: Feeding the 9mm
Magazines for 9mm are another critical addition. The Glock 23 uses magazines designed specifically for the .40 S&W cartridge. Since 9mm rounds have different dimensions, you will need 9mm magazines to feed the new ammunition. Fortunately, 9mm magazines are readily available.
Glock 19 magazines are a common choice for the conversion because of their compatibility. However, you can also buy dedicated magazines specifically for the Glock 23 frame, in 9mm, which may have slightly different features or follower designs.
Recoil Spring Assembly: Refining Performance (Optional)
Finally, while often not strictly necessary, some shooters choose to upgrade their recoil spring assembly (RSA). The RSA manages the energy from the slide’s rearward movement during firing, absorbing the recoil and returning the slide to its forward position.
The factory RSA in your Glock 23 is designed for the .40 S&W cartridge, and some people find that a slightly lighter spring may be preferable with 9mm ammunition. A lighter spring can sometimes help improve cycling reliability, especially with certain types of 9mm ammunition. While the original RSA will often work, a dedicated 9mm RSA might refine the gun’s performance. It is not a requirement but can be a performance enhancement.
The Conversion Unveiled: Step-by-Step Instructions
Embarking on this project requires a methodical approach and a commitment to safety. Please note, if you’re not comfortable working on firearms, seeking help from a qualified gunsmith is always the best option.
Prioritizing Safety at Every Turn
Before beginning, the first and most critical step is to ensure that the firearm is unloaded. Remove the magazine, visually and physically inspect the chamber to confirm that no round is present. Point the firearm in a safe direction throughout the process.
Wear appropriate safety glasses to protect your eyes from any debris or potential hazards. Work in a well-lit area with a clean workspace. Keep your tools organized and readily accessible.
Disassembly: Taking the Glock Apart
The process starts with disassembling the Glock 23 slide from the frame. To do this, first, make sure the gun is unloaded and the magazine is removed.
1. **Release the Slide:** Pull the slide back slightly and then pull the slide release lever downward. This will allow the slide to move freely off the frame.
2. **Remove the Slide:** Continue moving the slide forward off the frame.
3. **Disassemble the Slide:** Once the slide is separated from the frame, push down on the recoil spring guide and remove it along with the recoil spring assembly.
4. **Removing the Barrel:** The barrel can then be removed from the slide by gently pushing it out towards the muzzle.
Installing the New Barrel: The Core Change
With the original .40 S&W barrel removed, you are now ready to install the 9mm barrel.
1. **Insert the Barrel:** Carefully insert the 9mm barrel into the slide. Ensure it is seated properly and flush against the slide.
2. **Reinstall Recoil Spring Assembly:** Replace the recoil spring assembly by inserting it into the slide. Ensure it is properly seated and secured.
3. **Check for Movement:** With the new barrel installed, make sure the slide allows free movement along the rails.
Reassembly: Putting the Pieces Back Together
Reassembling the Glock 23 is a reverse of the disassembly procedure.
1. **Align the Slide:** Position the slide back onto the frame, ensuring the slide rails align.
2. **Engage the Slide:** Pull the slide to the rear, and then allow it to move forward, locking into place.
3. **Insert Magazine:** With the slide back onto the frame, insert a 9mm magazine.
Function Check: Ensuring Proper Operation
Before live fire, perform a thorough function check.
1. **Load and Eject:** Load a dummy round into the magazine and insert it into the pistol. Rack the slide and observe that the round is chambered properly and then ejected smoothly.
2. **Trigger Function:** Dry-fire the pistol to ensure the trigger mechanism works.
3. **Visual Inspection:** Thoroughly inspect the pistol for any malfunctions before loading live ammunition.
Considering Potential Issues: Navigating Challenges
While the conversion is relatively straightforward, there are a few things to consider for the best possible results.
Potential reliability issues can arise. The 9mm cartridge has different dimensions and therefore different operating characteristics than the .40 S&W. Ensure you test various types of 9mm ammunition.
Compatibility is usually not an issue. The Glock 23 slide and frame are compatible with the 9mm barrel. However, it’s always a good idea to conduct careful checks and be aware of any potential fitment problems.
Accuracy can change. The original barrel was designed to work with .40 S&W ammunition. Converting to 9mm could affect grouping. Testing different ammunition brands and types can help to find the best results.
Legal implications of changing a gun’s caliber depend on local laws. Make sure you’re compliant.
Maintenance and Care: Ensuring Longevity
Regular maintenance is essential to keep your converted Glock 23 functioning flawlessly. After each shooting session, clean the barrel thoroughly. A clean barrel minimizes the buildup of residue and ensures consistent accuracy.
Lubricate the moving parts of the slide and frame. Use a quality gun oil designed to withstand high temperatures and pressures. Proper lubrication reduces friction and wear, extending the life of your firearm.
Common Questions: Addressing the Inquiries
Many questions about the conversion often come up.
Is it safe? Yes, if done correctly and following all safety precautions.
Does the slide need to be changed? No, the Glock 23 slide is generally compatible with the 9mm barrel.
Can I use the same magazines? No. You must use 9mm magazines with the 9mm barrel.
What brands are best? There are many great manufacturers of 9mm barrels. Research your preferred options, and see which ones offer the best balance of price and performance.
What are the benefits and disadvantages? Benefits include lower ammo cost, reduced recoil, and wider ammunition availability. Disadvantages can include potential reliability issues and, if you aren’t careful, legal issues.
Is it easy to revert back to .40 S&W? Yes. It is easy to revert to the original caliber by simply swapping the 9mm barrel and magazine back to the .40 S&W barrel and .40 S&W magazine.
Concluding Thoughts
The Glock 23 conversion to 9mm provides an interesting option to customize your firearm. It can be a rewarding experience, opening up new avenues for shooting and training. However, a commitment to safety and a thorough understanding of the process are essential. This conversion is a manageable project for anyone with moderate mechanical skills and a dedication to following instructions.
Take the time to research, gather your parts, and approach the project with diligence. The result will be a Glock 23 configured to a cartridge that suits your needs and preferences. Before you start, be sure that this conversion is legal in your area and in compliance with all federal, state, and local regulations.
Further Resources
Online gun forums, such as GlockTalk and others, provide community expertise.
Retailers such as Brownells, MidwayUSA, and others have good product listings.
Local gunsmiths are a good source of information and expertise.
