Why Choose a Shotgun for Squirrel Hunting? Advantages and Alternatives
The crisp autumn air carries the scent of fallen leaves, and the rustle of branches hints at the hidden activity of bushy-tailed squirrels. For many, squirrel hunting is more than just a sport; it’s a tradition, a chance to connect with nature, and a rewarding test of skill. But success in the squirrel woods hinges on more than just patience and stealth. Having the right tools, especially the best shotgun for squirrel hunting, is paramount. A well-chosen shotgun can be the difference between a satisfying day afield and a frustrating one. Let’s explore the critical elements to help you make an informed choice and maximize your squirrel hunting potential.
While there are alternative methods for taking down squirrels, like the .22 rifle, a shotgun offers distinct advantages that make it a preferred choice for many hunters. One of the primary benefits is its wide shot pattern. Unlike a rifle that delivers a single projectile, a shotgun discharges a spread of pellets. This is particularly advantageous for fast-moving, erratic targets like squirrels. It increases your chance of a successful hit, even when a perfect shot isn’t possible.
Squirrels are often found in dense, wooded environments. In such settings, the ability to shoot at close to moderate ranges is critical. Shotguns excel in this regard. The shot pattern is effective at shorter distances, allowing hunters to effectively harvest squirrels that may be hidden or moving quickly through the trees.
Another benefit of a shotgun is safety. The shot spread reduces the risk of over-penetration. This is especially significant when hunting in populated areas or near other hunters. Shotgun pellets are less likely to travel extreme distances compared to a rifle bullet, minimizing the chances of an unintended incident.
Key Features to Consider: Making the Right Choice
Selecting the right shotgun for squirrel hunting involves careful consideration of several key features. These features impact the gun’s performance, maneuverability, and overall suitability for the task.
Gauge Matters: Finding the Right Size
The gauge of a shotgun refers to the diameter of its barrel. It’s a crucial factor in determining the gun’s power and recoil. For squirrel hunting, several gauges are commonly used.
The .410 shotgun is the smallest gauge and offers low recoil, making it suitable for new or smaller shooters. However, its limited shot capacity and shorter effective range may require more precise shot placement. The .410, when loaded correctly, can still be effective for squirrels at close ranges.
The 20-gauge shotgun strikes a great balance between power and manageability. It offers a good shot pattern and effective range while still being relatively easy to handle and reducing felt recoil. Many hunters find the 20-gauge to be ideal for squirrel hunting.
The 12-gauge shotgun is the most powerful of the three. It delivers a large shot pattern and can be incredibly effective at longer ranges. However, the increased recoil and weight can be a disadvantage for extended hunts or for shooters who are not accustomed to handling larger shotguns. If you’re considering a 12-gauge, ensure you’re comfortable with the recoil, and be prepared to potentially damage more of the squirrel if the load is too high for the range.
Barrel Length: Balancing Maneuverability and Performance
Barrel length influences the shotgun’s shot pattern and how easy it is to handle in tight spaces. Shorter barrels (around 20-26 inches) are often preferred for squirrel hunting. They make the shotgun easier to maneuver in dense forests and around obstacles. A shorter barrel also allows for faster target acquisition, which is essential when squirrels are darting through the trees. Longer barrels may provide a slightly tighter shot pattern and potentially increase range, but they can make the gun more cumbersome in the woods. For most squirrel hunting situations, a barrel length in the suggested range is ideal.
Action Types: The Heart of the Shotgun
The action type of a shotgun determines how it cycles ammunition. Each action has its own advantages and disadvantages:
Pump-action shotguns are known for their reliability and affordability. The shooter manually cycles the action by sliding the fore-end back and forth. They are generally reliable and offer a relatively quick follow-up shot.
Semi-automatic shotguns use the energy of the fired shell to automatically cycle the action, allowing for quicker follow-up shots. They tend to be more expensive than pump-actions, but they provide a smooth, fast shooting experience.
Break-action shotguns (single-shot or double-barrel) are simple and reliable. Single-shot shotguns are budget-friendly and lightweight, but require the shooter to reload after each shot. Double-barrel shotguns offer two quick shots. They can be advantageous when hunting in areas with a high squirrel population or where a quick second shot is likely.
Choke: Shaping the Shot Pattern
The choke is a constriction at the muzzle of the shotgun barrel that controls the spread of the shot pattern. Different choke constrictions provide different patterns:
An improved cylinder choke provides a wider shot pattern, which is ideal for close-range shots on squirrels. The wider pattern increases the probability of hitting a moving target.
A modified choke provides a tighter shot pattern than an improved cylinder, extending the effective range of the shotgun.
For squirrel hunting, improved cylinder or modified chokes are typically recommended, as they offer a balance between pattern size and range.
Stock and Fit: Ensuring Comfort and Accuracy
A proper fit is essential for accuracy and comfort. The stock of a shotgun should fit the shooter’s body type. A stock that is too long or too short can lead to poor shooting form and reduced accuracy. Consider the length of pull (the distance from the trigger to the back of the stock) and ensure it’s appropriate for your build. You may have to consider purchasing a shotgun specifically for smaller framed hunters. A comfortable fit also allows for more enjoyable hunting experiences, especially during long days in the field.
Sighting Systems: Getting on Target
The sighting system helps you aim your shotgun at the target. There are different types of sights to choose from:
Most shotguns come with bead sights. These are simple and effective for instinctive shooting at close to moderate ranges.
Some shotguns are equipped with rifle sights, which are similar to those found on rifles. They offer more precise aiming, particularly at longer ranges.
Scopes can be mounted on shotguns to provide magnified views of the target. However, they are not always necessary for squirrel hunting. The use of scopes is rare, but it could be considered for longer ranges.
Recommended Shotgun Models: Putting it all Together
Now that we have reviewed the key features, let’s look at some specific shotgun models that are well-suited for squirrel hunting.
.410 Shotgun Options
The .410 shotgun is an excellent choice for beginners or those who appreciate a lightweight, low-recoil gun. While it requires more precise shot placement, it’s a capable squirrel hunting option at close range. Look for single-shot or youth models that are easy to handle.
20-Gauge Shotgun Choices
The 20-gauge offers an optimal balance of power, manageable recoil, and versatility.
Consider pump-action models. They offer reliability and are generally more affordable.
Semi-automatic models are another solid option. The quick follow-up shots can be helpful.
12-Gauge Shotgun Selection
The 12-gauge shotgun offers plenty of power, but you will want to consider the recoil and pattern.
Pump-action models are reliable and affordable.
Semi-automatic models are popular, though you should consider the recoil.
Ammunition and Shells for Squirrel Hunting: Loading Up
Selecting the right ammunition is crucial for maximizing your shotgun’s effectiveness.
Shot Size: Choosing the Right Pellets
Shot size refers to the diameter of the individual pellets contained within the shell. For squirrel hunting, the size of the pellets is of utmost importance.
Number six, seven and a half, and number eight shot sizes are all excellent choices.
Experiment to find what performs best in your shotgun.
Shell Type: Matching the Shot to Your Purpose
Different shell types have different characteristics. You will likely use lead shot.
Shell Length: Making Sure it Fits
Always use the correct shell length for your shotgun.
Hunting Techniques and Tips: Success in the Squirrel Woods
Hunting Ethics: Hunting Responsibly
Always practice ethical hunting. Respect wildlife, follow all hunting regulations, and prioritize safety.
Hunting Strategies: Finding and Targeting Squirrels
Develop hunting strategies to increase your chances of success:
Spot and stalk techniques can be effective.
Ambushes at feeding locations are another great way to harvest squirrels.
Accuracy Tips: Improving Your Shot
Proper shooting fundamentals are key to accuracy:
Get a proper stance.
Breathe.
Maintain a consistent cheek weld.
Lead moving targets.
Safety Practices: Hunt Smart, Hunt Safe
Prioritize gun safety at all times:
Always treat every gun as if it is loaded.
Keep the muzzle pointed in a safe direction.
Be aware of your surroundings and potential hazards.
In Conclusion: Choosing the Right Shotgun for Squirrel Hunting
Choosing the best shotgun for squirrel hunting is a personal decision, and it involves weighing various factors to find the perfect balance of performance, handling, and budget.
Remember to consider gauge, barrel length, action type, choke, and fit. A 20-gauge shotgun is often an excellent choice. The best shotgun for you is the one that fits you, that you feel comfortable with, and that consistently delivers accurate results.
Ultimately, squirrel hunting is about enjoying the outdoors. So take your time, research, practice your shooting, and get out there and enjoy the hunt!
