Safety First: Your Ultimate Priority
Before we delve into any adjustments, it’s absolutely critical to understand and prioritize firearm safety. Gun safety is not just a suggestion; it is a non-negotiable practice. This guide is for informational purposes only, and by following these instructions, you are assuming full responsibility for your actions. Always, *always*, treat every firearm as if it is loaded.
1. **Unload the Firearm:** This is the very first step and must be repeated throughout the entire process. The muzzle of your rifle should always be pointed in a safe direction, away from people and any area where an accidental discharge could cause harm.
- Remove the magazine, if applicable.
- Open the bolt and visually inspect the chamber to ensure it’s empty.
- Physically inspect the chamber. Run your finger along the chamber to make sure no round is present.
- Once you are certain the chamber is empty, and only then, proceed.
2. **Work in a Safe Environment:** Ensure you have a well-lit and clean work area. A cluttered environment can lead to mistakes.
3. **Eye Protection:** Wear safety glasses throughout the process to protect your eyes from any potential debris.
4. **Mental Focus:** Avoid distractions and concentrate fully on the task at hand.
5. **Know Your Limits:** If you are unsure about any step, or if you feel uncomfortable working on your firearm, stop and seek assistance from a qualified gunsmith. Never force anything.
6. **Safety Check During & After Adjustment:** Always perform complete safety checks after any adjustments.
Essential Tools of the Trade
To successfully adjust your Ruger American trigger, you’ll need a few essential tools. Having these on hand before you begin will make the process smoother and safer.
- **Screwdrivers:** You will need a set of screwdrivers, both Phillips head and potentially flathead, depending on your rifle model. The exact sizes can vary, so having a multi-bit screwdriver set is often the best approach.
- **Allen Wrenches:** Some aftermarket triggers, or even certain Ruger American factory triggers, use Allen head adjustment screws. A set of metric Allen wrenches is a good idea. Note the size of any allen head set screws before you start to prevent stripping the head of the screw.
- **Trigger Pull Gauge:** This is *highly recommended*. A trigger pull gauge allows you to accurately measure the pull weight of your trigger before and after adjustments. This is crucial for ensuring safety and achieving the desired trigger feel. Digital trigger pull gauges offer very precise readings. Spring-based gauges are also available.
- **Optional: Gun Oil or Lubricant:** A small amount of gun oil can be useful for lubricating the trigger mechanism after adjustment. Apply sparingly.
- **Optional: Work Surface:** A padded work mat or a clean, protected surface can protect your rifle and prevent scratches.
Understanding the Ruger American Trigger: A Brief Overview
The trigger mechanism in the Ruger American rifle, like any firearm, is a carefully engineered system designed to release the firing pin, which then strikes the primer of the cartridge, igniting the propellant and sending the bullet downrange.
The key components typically include the trigger itself, the sear (which holds the firing pin), and the springs and levers that control the trigger pull weight and function. Some Ruger American models, notably those with the “Marksman” trigger, have an adjustable trigger pull weight. The design can differ slightly depending on the exact model and whether any aftermarket parts have been installed. Familiarizing yourself with the basic components, even without complete disassembly, can aid your understanding of the adjustment process. The adjustment screws, whether for trigger pull weight or overtravel, act upon the mechanical leverage within the trigger mechanism.
Adjusting the Ruger American Trigger: A Detailed Walkthrough
Here’s a step-by-step guide to adjusting your Ruger American trigger, covering the primary areas of adjustment. Remember, safety is *paramount* at every stage.
Step One: Ensuring Unloaded Status – Again (and Again!)
Before even considering touching the trigger, repeat the safety check:
- Point the muzzle in a safe direction.
- Remove the magazine.
- Open the bolt and visually inspect the chamber.
- Run your finger along the inside of the chamber. Ensure there are no cartridges present.
Step Two: Examining and Disassembly
Some adjustment procedures might require removing the action from the stock, or at least a partial disassembly to access the trigger.
- **Removing the Action from the Stock (If Necessary):**
- Unload the firearm *again* (this cannot be overemphasized).
- Typically, there are two or three screws located on the underside of the stock that secure the action. Carefully unscrew these and remove them.
- Gently lift the action from the stock. It might require a little gentle manipulation if it is a snug fit. Be careful not to force anything.
- **Partial Disassembly (If Required):**
- If you have determined you need to disassemble your action to perform the trigger adjustment, consult the manufacturer’s manual or other sources. There may be pins or other small parts. Keep track of the order.
Step Three: Fine-Tuning the Trigger Pull Weight
This is the most common adjustment you’ll likely make. The trigger pull weight is the amount of force required to pull the trigger and release the firing pin.
- **Locating the Adjustment Screw:**
The location of the trigger pull weight adjustment screw can vary slightly depending on your specific Ruger American model. It’s often found within the trigger assembly, typically accessible from the underside of the action (after removing it from the stock, if applicable). The screw might be recessed. Study the trigger mechanism carefully to find the adjusting screw. The best location for the adjusting screw is to consult your rifles manual.
- **Making the Adjustments:**
Using the appropriate screwdriver or Allen wrench (refer to your rifle model), carefully turn the adjustment screw.
- **To *decrease* the trigger pull weight (make it lighter),** typically, you will *decrease* the depth of the screw, or turn it in a counterclockwise direction.
- **To *increase* the trigger pull weight (make it heavier),** typically, you will *increase* the depth of the screw, or turn it in a clockwise direction.
- **IMPORTANT:** Make *small* adjustments. A quarter-turn or less is often sufficient.
- With each adjustment, *immediately* proceed to Step Four and measure your trigger pull weight using your trigger pull gauge.
Step Four: Measuring Your Progress with a Trigger Pull Gauge
After making each adjustment, it’s essential to check the result with a trigger pull gauge.
- **Preparing the Gauge:**
Attach the trigger pull gauge to the trigger. Many digital gauges have a loop you can hook onto the trigger. Spring based gauges will have a small loop on the end,
- **Measuring the Pull:**
Pull the trigger *slowly and steadily*. The gauge will measure the force required to release the trigger.
Record the trigger pull weight.
- **Making Further Adjustments (If Needed):**
If the trigger pull weight is not what you desire, repeat Step Three, making *another small* adjustment, and then repeat Step Four.
Continue this process until you achieve your preferred trigger pull weight.
Step Five: Overtravel Considerations (If Applicable)
Overtravel is the amount the trigger moves *after* the firing pin has been released. Reducing overtravel can improve trigger feel and accuracy.
- **Locating the Overtravel Adjustment Screw:**
Some Ruger American triggers have an overtravel adjustment screw. This screw is typically located near the back of the trigger assembly.
- **Making Overtravel Adjustments:**
To *reduce* overtravel, carefully turn the screw *in* or deeper.
To *increase* overtravel, turn the screw *out*.
Make small adjustments, and check for function. You do not want to cause your rifle to malfunction.
- **Testing the Trigger After Overtravel Adjustments:**
Pull the trigger to make sure it functions.
Step Six: Assembling the Rifle
Once you’re satisfied with your adjustments, it’s time to reassemble your rifle.
- **Reinstalling the Action:**
Carefully lower the action back into the stock.
Align the screw holes and insert the screws.
Tighten the screws. Do not overtighten. Overtightening can warp your stock and affect accuracy.
- **Verifying Proper Function:**
Once reassembled, perform a full safety check (detailed in the next section).
Step Seven: Critical Testing and Safety Checks – The Final Checks
This is the most critical step, even more important than the adjustments themselves. Thorough safety checks are essential after making any trigger adjustments. These checks verify that the trigger functions correctly and safely.
- **Unload the Firearm – One Last Time:** *Always* start by ensuring the rifle is unloaded (remove magazine, open bolt, visually and physically inspect the chamber).
- **Check the Safety:** Ensure the safety mechanism functions properly, both when engaged and disengaged. The safety should reliably prevent the trigger from firing the rifle.
- **Dry-Fire Testing:**
- With the rifle *unloaded*, point it in a safe direction.
- Dry-fire the rifle *multiple* times, checking for smooth and reliable trigger function. The trigger should break cleanly and consistently.
- **Testing with Safety Engaged:** Dry-fire the rifle with the safety *engaged*. The trigger should *not* function.
- **Gentle Manipulation:**
- Hold the rifle and gently tap the buttstock and action to see if the trigger releases unexpectedly. If the trigger releases unexpectedly, your adjustment is too light, or the trigger mechanism has other problems. Adjust accordingly.
- **Final Measurement:** Use the trigger pull gauge again to measure the final trigger pull weight, confirming it is within the desired range.
Troubleshooting Common Issues
Even with careful adjustments, you may encounter some issues. Here are some common problems and potential solutions:
- **Trigger Fails to Function:** If the trigger does not function, either the trigger is too light (likely the adjustment is too far), a mechanical problem, or your safety is engaged. Ensure your rifle is unloaded. Check that the adjustment screws haven’t been over-tightened or are loose.
- **Trigger Pull Weight Too Light:** If the trigger pull weight is too light, increase the adjustment screw. If the trigger pull weight is extremely light, or the rifle is firing with no trigger pull, *immediately* increase the trigger pull weight and/or consult with a gunsmith.
- **Trigger Pull Weight Too Heavy:** If the trigger pull weight is too heavy, decrease the trigger pull weight.
- **Overtravel Issues:** If the trigger has excessive overtravel, adjust the overtravel screw. If your rifle is not properly functioning after adjustment, then readjust it or consult a gunsmith.
- **Failure to Reset:** If the trigger does not reset (i.e., it doesn’t return to its forward position after firing), there may be an obstruction, the trigger pull weight is too light, or the sear is not engaging the firing pin properly. Adjust the trigger pull weight or consult with a gunsmith.
- **Consulting a Gunsmith:** If you encounter any persistent issues or are uncomfortable with any part of the process, it is best to consult a qualified gunsmith. Do not attempt to force any adjustments or to take on tasks beyond your skill level.
In Conclusion: Achieving Rifle Excellence
Adjusting the trigger on your Ruger American rifle can be a rewarding experience, significantly impacting accuracy and your overall shooting enjoyment. By following these step-by-step instructions and prioritizing safety, you can unlock the full potential of your rifle. Remember, patience and attention to detail are key. Always double-check your work and test the trigger thoroughly.
Disclaimer: The information provided in this article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute professional gunsmithing advice. Adjusting firearms can be dangerous. I am not responsible for any injury, damage, or malfunction arising from the use of this guide. You are responsible for all your actions. Always consult a qualified gunsmith if you are unsure about any step in the process.
