A Look at the Cartridges
The .17 Mach 2
The world of rimfire ammunition offers a diverse landscape, catering to various shooting needs. Among the popular choices, the .17 caliber rimfire cartridges stand out for their impressive performance in a compact package. This article delves into a comprehensive comparison between two prominent contenders: the .17 Mach 2 and the .17 HMR, offering insights to help you determine which .17 rimfire round aligns best with your shooting pursuits.
The .17 HMR
Before diving deep, it’s important to understand the fundamental differences between these two cartridges. Both share the same bullet diameter of .17 inches but represent distinct evolutionary paths within rimfire technology.
The .17 Mach 2, born from a collaborative effort between Eley and Hornady, emerged as a response to the limitations of the .22 Long Rifle. It utilizes a necked-down .22 Long Rifle case and a smaller diameter, lighter bullet traveling at considerably higher velocities. The goal was to provide a flatter trajectory and improved performance at moderate ranges.
The .17 HMR (Hornady Magnum Rimfire), on the other hand, is a more potent cartridge, leveraging a necked-down .22 Magnum case. This larger case allows for a significantly higher powder charge, leading to substantially higher muzzle velocities and greater downrange energy. The .17 HMR arrived on the scene a few years after the Mach 2, aimed squarely at varmint hunters and those seeking greater reach and power from a rimfire platform.
Ballistic Showdown
The core distinction between these cartridges lies in their ballistic performance. This is where the .17 Mach 2 and the .17 HMR showcase their respective strengths and weaknesses.
Muzzle Velocity
When considering muzzle velocity, the .17 HMR generally enjoys a significant advantage. Bullets typically leave the muzzle at speeds exceeding 2500 feet per second (fps), often reaching 2600 fps or higher, depending on bullet weight and brand. The .17 Mach 2, while still quite fast, typically launches bullets at around 2000 to 2100 fps.
Trajectory
This difference in muzzle velocity translates directly to trajectory. The .17 HMR boasts a notably flatter trajectory, meaning its bullets drop less over a given distance. This flatter flight path enhances accuracy, particularly at longer ranges, making it easier to compensate for bullet drop. The .17 Mach 2, with its slower velocity, experiences a more pronounced trajectory arc, requiring more precise holdover adjustments at longer distances.
Energy on Target
The energy delivered on target is another crucial aspect. The .17 HMR, thanks to its greater velocity and often heavier bullets, carries significantly more energy downrange. This increased energy contributes to better terminal performance, meaning the bullet delivers a more impactful punch upon hitting its target. The .17 Mach 2, while still capable of inflicting significant damage, generates less energy, making it better suited for smaller targets or situations where over-penetration is a concern.
Wind Drift
Wind drift presents another difference that matters to shooters. Both the .17 Mach 2 and the .17 HMR are susceptible to wind, but the faster and heavier .17 HMR bullets are less affected. In breezy conditions, the .17 HMR maintains its trajectory better, contributing to greater accuracy. The .17 Mach 2, with its lighter and slower bullets, is pushed more by wind, making accurate shots more demanding.
Accuracy and the Range Game
The accuracy potential of a cartridge is often a top concern for shooters. Both the .17 Mach 2 and the .17 HMR have demonstrated the ability to produce excellent groups when paired with quality rifles and ammunition.
Accuracy Potential
The .17 Mach 2 has the potential to achieve respectable accuracy. Shooters often report groups within an inch or less at 100 yards. However, the accuracy of any rimfire cartridge is highly dependent on factors like ammunition quality, rifle construction, and the shooter’s skill. Consistent ammunition is vital. Many shooters find .17 Mach 2 rifles to be exceptionally accurate, making them ideal for target practice and small game hunting.
The .17 HMR, owing to its more consistent manufacturing and its faster velocity, is renowned for its accuracy. Groups can be tighter, sometimes even under half an inch at 100 yards under ideal conditions. The flatter trajectory and increased stability in the wind contribute to the superb long-range precision that shooters appreciate.
Effective Range
In considering effective range, the .17 HMR holds a clear advantage. The .17 HMR’s flatter trajectory allows it to retain its accuracy at longer distances, making it a viable choice for varminting out to and beyond 200 yards.
The .17 Mach 2 has an effective range, but shooters often stay closer to 100-150 yards to compensate for the flatter trajectory.
Shooting at longer ranges presents challenges for both calibers, including factors like wind and bullet drop. The .17 HMR’s inherent characteristics, though, allow it to overcome these conditions more easily.
Intended Applications: Where Do They Shine?
The .17 Mach 2 and the .17 HMR are suited to different applications. Understanding these differences is key to making a decision that suits your needs.
.17 Mach 2 Applications
The .17 Mach 2 is a fantastic choice for target practice and plinking, where its low recoil and relatively low cost per round make for an enjoyable shooting experience. Its accuracy and reduced noise levels also make it an excellent choice for dispatching small vermin, like squirrels and rats, at shorter distances.
.17 HMR Applications
The .17 HMR shines as a varmint hunting cartridge. Its flatter trajectory, greater power, and extended range allow it to effectively take down coyotes, prairie dogs, and other medium-sized vermin. The .17 HMR is also a capable small game hunting cartridge.
Ammunition and the Rifle Landscape
The availability of ammunition and the types of rifles available are practical considerations that can influence your choice.
Ammunition
The .17 Mach 2 ammunition is a bit more limited. There are fewer options for bullet weights and styles. However, it’s generally affordable, but the availability can vary.
The .17 HMR ammunition is very widespread, offered by most major ammunition manufacturers. The selection of bullet weights and types is extensive. The .17 HMR comes with a cost to affordability, though.
Rifles
Both the .17 Mach 2 and the .17 HMR are often found in bolt-action rifles, which are known for accuracy. However, there are also semi-automatic rifle models in both calibers.
Weighing the Advantages and Disadvantages
Considering the pros and cons of each cartridge is crucial.
.17 Mach 2 Pros and Cons
The .17 Mach 2 offers benefits. These include its low recoil, making it enjoyable for shooters of all sizes and experience levels. The cost per round is generally lower. The reduced noise levels also make it a suitable option for areas with noise restrictions. However, the .17 Mach 2 has certain disadvantages, including its reduced power, which limits its effectiveness at longer ranges and larger game. The shorter effective range will always require the shooter to be precise.
.17 HMR Pros and Cons
The .17 HMR enjoys many benefits as well. Its flat trajectory leads to exceptional accuracy at longer distances. The power of the round makes it effective on a wide array of varmints. The availability of this cartridge also is a great convenience. The .17 HMR does have its drawbacks. The cost per round is typically higher, and the recoil is more noticeable. These are small prices to pay for a very potent, effective cartridge.
Making the Right Choice: Which One Suits You Best?
The decision of choosing between the .17 Mach 2 and the .17 HMR ultimately comes down to individual priorities.
.17 Mach 2
If your primary focus is affordable target practice, plinking, or the elimination of small vermin at close to medium ranges, the .17 Mach 2 is an excellent choice. The light recoil, high accuracy, and economical price tag make it an enjoyable cartridge for a range of shooting pursuits.
.17 HMR
For those seeking a versatile varmint hunting round, or a small game hunting round, the .17 HMR is the superior choice. Its flatter trajectory, enhanced power, and extended range equip you for more challenging hunting scenarios. It’s the perfect option for shooters looking for more power and effective long-range performance.
Final Thoughts
The world of rimfire cartridges provides many options for shooting. The .17 Mach 2 and the .17 HMR offer different combinations of benefits. To make the best decision, consider your shooting style, intended use, and budget. Research various brands and models, talk to other shooters, and consider testing both calibers if possible. Choosing the right ammunition for your purposes is also paramount. Armed with this information, you can choose the .17 rimfire cartridge that will truly enhance your shooting enjoyment.
